The blog Freakonomics had a post today on changing incentives to increase handwashing. The reasoning was that spreading infection can be thought of as an externality.

As you know, the Extending the Cure project frames resistance as an externality of, or pollution associated with antibiotic use, and hopes to evaluate incentive based approaches to extending antibiotic effectiveness.

What I'm saying is, if you like the economic approch we take over here, Dubner's post is worth checking out. Though Mike Eber might disagree, citing objections to data sources in the AHRQ report.